The dopamine hypothesis is now thought to be simplistic, partly because newer antipsychotic medication (atypical antipsychotic medication) can be just as effective as older medication (typical antipsychotic medication), but also affects serotonin function and may have slightly less of a dopamine blocking effect. Interest has also focused on the neurotransmitter glutamate and the reduced function of the NMDA glutamate receptor in schizophrenia, largely because of the abnormally low levels of glutamate receptors found in the postmortem brains of those diagnosed with schizophrenia, and the discovery that glutamate-blocking drugs such as phencyclidine and ketamine can mimic the symptoms and cognitive problems associated with the condition.

It is debatable whether, as a class, typical or atypical antipsychotics are better.

Grammar. This inventory is atypical of Amazonian languages (Trumai is a recent immigrant to the Xingu basin) in its ejective consonants, the lateral fricative , and the alveolar–dental distinction.

It is effective in treating refractory post-stroke pain, atypical face pain, anaesthesia dolorosa, and deafferentation and somatic pain such as in phantom limb or brachial plexus injury (Boccard et al. 2013).

He reasoned that since, compared to males, the bodies of females are more nearly hairless, hairlessness is one of the atypical cases due to its selection by males at a remote prehistoric time, when males had overwhelming selective power, and that it nonetheless affected males due to genetic correlation between the sexes.

Usually the ulcers are multiple or atypical in location, and often bleed, perforate, or become obstructed.

It was originally thought of as being a cleavage product of full-length PKCζ, an atypical isoform of protein kinase C (PKC).

It is atypical in that unlike other PKC isoforms, PKCζ does not require calcium or diacylglycerol (DAG) to become active, but rather relies on a different second messenger, presumably generated through a phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) pathway. It is now known that PKMζ is not the result of cleavage of full-length PKCζ, but rather, in the mammalian brain, is translated from its own brain-specific mRNA, that is transcribed by an internal promoter within the PKCζ gene.

Atypical PKC (aPKC) isoforms (this enzyme) and lambda/iota play important roles in insulin-stimulated glucose transport.

Homozygous mutant males had Bergmeister's papilla, while both sexes had atypical plasma chemistry and abnormal melanocyte morphology.

Elmasry has been outspoken in opposition to Islamophobia stating that "Today's Islamophobia and yesterday's anti-Semitism are starkly similar" and expressing fear that at the parallels between historic anti-Semitism in Europe and modern anti-Muslim sentiment in the West. "Today, Canadian Muslims are collectively judged as guilty by association for every crime committed by Muslim individuals, organizations and states, no matter how obviously atypical, abnormal or extremist they are.

Demand loans are short term loans that are atypical in that they do not have fixed dates for repayment and carry a floating interest rate which varies according to the prime lending rate.

McMorrow described his approach, "I used an atypical and off-kilter background, and told a story that wouldn't normally be told.

Hill came to blues music from the atypical social and musical background of the Bronx and the Black Rock Coalition.

According to Dror Etkes of Peace Now, writing in 2005, the settlers are radicals on the fringe of the ultra-Orthodox society, making it rather atypical among the ultra-Orthodox settlements.

"You Get It Up" was sung by the entire band in unison — thus the album's atypical crediting of Seraphine, Parazaider de Oliveira with "vocals".

Miloš Ninković’s trajectory was atypical for a Serbian footballer; he is one of the few successful players from Serbia to have never gone through the more notable youth academies of Red Star, Partizan, Vojvodina, or OFK Beograd.

Non-operating income can include gains or losses from investments, property or asset sales, currency exchange, and other atypical gains or losses.

This is a condition where atypical blood vessels proliferate usually in a radially symmetric pattern around the pylorus of the stomach.

The owner has offered atypical perks to his employees such as paying for a compilation album to be produced of their various bands, and hiring a full-time on-staff massage therapist. They have received numerous awards, including "Roaster of the Year 2006".

The style of "Peter Camenzind" is easy to follow, even as it is a "Bildungsroman" in an atypical sense.

There is a reported association between CNL and multiple myeloma, so the bone marrow biopsy may show evidence of a plasma cell dyscrasia with increased numbers of atypical plasma cells.

The children studied are also atypical in that they are the offspring of researchers or their close colleagues, and so are from highly-educated backgrounds.

Although he was not informed of the cargo carried by the "SS John Harvey", and most victims suffered atypical symptoms caused by exposure to mustard diluted in water and oil (as opposed to airborne), Alexander rapidly concluded that mustard gas was present.

MCACL has been noted in most cases to show areas of gradual transition wherein cells become more atypical and feature more pronounced characteristics of maignancy as one proceeds from the capsule, or outermost layers of the tumor, toward the center of the mass.

There is also a variant of TN called atypical trigeminal neuralgia (also referred to as "trigeminal neuralgia, type 2"), based on a recent classification of facial pain.

In some cases of atypical TN the sufferer experiences a severe, relentless underlying pain similar to a migraine in addition to the stabbing shock-like pains.

Management is similar to vaso-occlusive crisis, with the addition of antibiotics (usually a quinolone or macrolide, since cell wall-deficient ["atypical"] bacteria are thought to contribute to the syndrome), oxygen supplementation for hypoxia, and close observation.

Historically, the term mitral valve prolapse syndrome has been applied to MVP associated with palpitations, atypical chest pain, dyspnea on exertion, low body mass index, and electrocardiogram abnormalities in the setting of anxiety, syncope, low blood pressure, and other signs suggestive of autonomic nervous system dysfunction.

It attracted attention of the Evolution Championship Series due to some of the unique gameplay features centered around four-legged, non-humanoid characters that were atypical of the fighting genre.

"Atypical colitis" is a phrase that is occasionally used by physicians for a colitis that does not conform to criteria for accepted types of colitis.

This is very atypical for the southwest of France, because in neighbouring departments mainly red wine is produced.

One thousand concerts, 16,000 squashed drums and 110,000 split sticks mark the route of this atypical band, who had more than 120 musicians in 24 years of life.

The B-side "Sometimes I Make You Sad" is an atypical song for the group and features a number of production techniques.

They concluded that absorption of sunlight by the black smoke could lead to darkness and strong cooling at the earth’s surface, and a heating of the atmosphere at higher elevations, thus creating atypical meteorological and climatic conditions which would jeopardize agricultural production for a large part of the human population.

As the canyon is narrow and sheltered from direct sunlight, it is much cooler than the surrounding landscape; this allows a unique set of flora to grow that is atypical for the Sand Hills of Nebraska.

Its plumage pattern was mostly atypical for a psittaculine, though other members have black facial patterns.

CAS is used for understanding cognitive development of typical and atypical children, as well as cognitive impairment in adults.

These physical properties are atypical for melts of such high silica content.

As for technology, there are plausible reconstructions suggesting knowledge of navigation, a technology quite atypical of Gimbutas' steppe-centered Kurgan society.